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Blood Supply to the Kidneys

The renal circulation receives around 20% of the cardiac output. It branches from the abdominal aorta and returns blood to the ascending vena cava. It is the blood supply to the kidney, and contains many specialized blood vessels.
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Blood Supply to the kidney's - The Anatomy Wiki

The kidneys primary function is to filter at least 20% to 25% of blood during resting cardiac output. There are several arteries that deliver blood to the kidneys.
The arteries are as follows:
1. renal artery- arises and extends from the lateral region of the descending abdominal aorta at the level of first or second lumbar vertebra.
2. segmental artery- branch from renal artery within the renal sinus.
3. interlobar artery- segmental arteries further branch to form interlobar arteries.
4. arcuate artery- renal columns toward the corticomedullary junction.
5. interlobar artery- arcuate arteries give off branches to make interlobar arteries.

The interlobar arteries enter the cortex, and they extend small branches called afferent arterioles. An afferent arteriole enters a structure called renal corpuscle and then form a capillary network called glomerulus. Once some of the blood has been filtered, the ramaining blood leaves the glomerulus and enters an efferent arteriole. Efferent arteriole is still carrying oxygenated blood beacause gas and nutrient exchange within cells of the kidney still have not yet occured.
The efferent arterioles branch into two types of capillary networks.
1. peritubular capillaries- these are associated with the convoluted tubules and primarily reside in the cortex of the kidney.
2. vasa recta- are associated with the nephron loop and primarily reside in the medulla of the kidney.

The peritubular capillaries and vasa recta the drain into a network of veins. The renal vins leave the kidney at its hilum and transverse horizontially to drain into the inferior vena cava.
Blood filtration occurs at the glomerulus, and the blood remains highly oxygenated until it reaches the peritubular capillaries and vasa recta, where gas and nutrient exchange happens.

flattail	Latest page update: made by flattail , Apr 30 2009, 3:08 PM EDT (about this update About This Update capitalizing words - flattail No content added or deleted. - complete history)
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